As Ottoman Empire was defeated in First World War, Empire signed Mondros Armistice with Allies in October 30th 1918. Due to the 7th term of the armistice which was a provision that the occupying powers might occupy areas deemed to be of strategic importance; English arms started therefore to occupy strategic regions and railway routes, claiming that their security was threaten. They confisticeted railways. English Arms took the control of stations beginning from Haydarpaşa, going to İzmit, Eskişehir and Ankara respectively. They located a set of Scottish soldiers in Eskişehir. Two squadrons of Scottish soldiers which were controlled by Misler Vi-tol and captain Forbin, were located in Ankara train station. French army sent a detachment under the command of Commander Buazo. These two important cities were occupied. Both cities’ governors were loyal to the Sultan. Ali Fuat Paşa (Cebesoy) who attended to twentieth army corps as commander was successful in preparation of an organized regiment immediately. Atatürk came to Ankara after war in December 27th 1919. He was to go to Eskişehir to talk to the members of İstanbul Deputy Assembly. Rıfat Börekçi, Mufti of Ankara told to Atatatürk that:

“- My lord, don’t go to Eskişehir, there are English forces there. They may arrest you. We took an oath to protect you...” Atatürk abandoned going to Eskişehir and stayed in Ankara. The headquarters of Representatives Committee came Ankara. At this time, English arms occupied İstanbul officially in March 16th 1920. They attacked to Şehzadebaşı Police Station and six Turkish soldiers were killed and also fifteen Turkish soldiers were wounded. After that English forces secretly left Ankara at night and went to Eskişehir. Atatürk was to open Turkish Grand National Assembly. While all that events were taking place in Ankara, Eskişehir was occupied by English forces. They were holding that railway junction in control. As the commander of twentieth army corps, Ali Fuat Paşa, had accepted Atatürk with a Seymen regiment by public demonstration; İstanbul government denounced his duty, sentenced him with execution and then appointed Kirazlı Hamdi Paşa as the commander of twentieth army crops instead. Kiraz Hamdi Paşa came to Eskişehir and cooperated with English forces. Soon he was executed in Ankara. Eskişehir Governor was Serez’i Hilmi Bey but he was not liked by public in Eskişehir. Greeks and Armenian were acting cruel to Muslims but Governor Hilmi was not interested with requests and complaints of public. One of the members of Kuvayı Milliye came to city and shot him. Eskişehir was in agitation, letters were sent to English forces telling them to leave the city. There were English soldiers more than a battalion with Legion soldiers formed by Turks living in Cyprus. A man named Kemal was working as translator.

The Mayor of Eskişehir was Lawyer Takyeddin Bey in 1920. He was educated and a patriotic man. When Şeyh Şunusi came to Eskişehir, he stayed in his house. Accountant Sabri Bey and Takyeddin Bey were supporting Kuvayi Milliye. Recognizing the situation, Kiraz Hamdi Paşa escaped to İstanbul.

Yeşil Efendi established Müdafaai Hukuk Cemiyeti. Emin Sazak, Osman Işık from Eskişehir joined to that association. Wealthy persons of Eskişehir donated gold on their will to this association without any deed and left the money to liberation of motherland. The association gave 30 liras to each one who joined to Kuvayi Milliye forces and provided guns and horses to them. One day these militia rebels made demonstration in the city center. Everyone was dressed strangely, wearing different guns and hats. They wander around the districts, threatening English soldiers and honoring Turkish public.